gvm - Golang 環境管理工具筆記

開始學習 Golang 時已經是 1.20 版了，但很快便陸續推出 1.21, 1.22 版，想說之後很可能會更加踏入這個生態系，先安裝個多版本管理工具避免之後麻煩。

Uninstall original go (optional)

先把原本的 go 移除，將來就以 gvm 管理版本為主。

不過後續似乎會造成 gvm 安裝的問題 (go 1.4 之後)，不過之後有時間再把 gvm 移除重新嘗試，或者在 VM 上嘗試。

參考 stackoverflow 上的方法:

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/go
sudo rm /etc/paths.d/go

延伸閱讀: Understanding /etc/paths file and /etc/paths.d directory on MAC

Install gvm

安裝上 document 其實還算詳細，MacOS 有一些 requirements 要先安裝:

xcode-select --install
brew update
brew install mercurial

brew install bison

因為我的 Shell 是 zsh，所以:

zsh < <(curl -s -S -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/moovweb/gvm/master/binscripts/gvm-installer)

但是我的 shell 始終會出現 zsh: = not found.，找了一下始終沒有解法，repo 的 issue 也沒有。後來的 workaround 是進到 bash 去下載，會看到下列訊息:

❯ bash
bash-3.2$ bash < <(curl -s -S -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/moovweb/gvm/master/binscripts/gvm-installer)
Cloning from https://github.com/moovweb/gvm.git to /Users/cdxvy30/.gvm
macOS detected. User shell is: /bin/zsh
No existing Go versions detected
Installed GVM v1.0.22

Please restart your terminal session or to get started right away run
 `source /Users/cdxvy30/.gvm/scripts/gvm`

接著按照指令:

 source /Users/cdxvy30/.gvm/scripts/gvm

執行 gvm 應該就可以看到下列訊息:

Usage: gvm [command]

Description:
  GVM is the Go Version Manager

Commands:
  version    - print the gvm version number
  get        - gets the latest code (for debugging)
  use        - select a go version to use (--default to set permanently)
  diff       - view changes to Go root
  help       - display this usage text
  implode    - completely remove gvm
  install    - install go versions
  uninstall  - uninstall go versions
  cross      - install go cross compilers
  linkthis   - link this directory into GOPATH
  list       - list installed go versions
  listall    - list available versions
  alias      - manage go version aliases
  pkgset     - manage go packages sets
  pkgenv     - edit the environment for a package set
  applymod   - apply the go version in go.mod

Command

# 列出可遠端下載的版本
gvm listall

# 列出目前的版本
gvm list

gvm gos (installed)

=> go1.20.3
   go1.22.0

Install Go

官方文件的說明:

Go 1.5+ removed the C compilers from the toolchain and replaced them with one written in Go. Obviously, this creates a bootstrapping problem if you don’t already have a working Go install. In order to compile Go 1.5+, make sure Go 1.4 is installed first. If Go 1.4 won’t install try a later version (e.g. go1.5), just make sure you have the -B option after the version number.

gvm install go1.20.3 -B

gvm install issue

gvm 在安裝的時候會等待超久，又沒有進度條的設計當時安裝還以為出現什麼問題，結果只是真的需要很久而已。

gvm install go1.20.3
Downloading Go source...
^CERROR: Canceled!

參考這個 issue 發現滿多人都有遇到，記錄一下。

Setting default

# 設定 default
gvm use go1.20.3 --default